A protein skimmer or foam fractionator is a device used mostly in saltwater aquariaum to remove organic compounds from the water before they break down into nitrogenous waste. Protein skimming is the only form of aquarium filtration that physically removes organic compounds before they begin to decompose, lightening the load on the biological filter and improving the water's redox potential. Although the process of foam fractionation is commonly known for removal of waste from aquarium, The two most dangerous pollutants in the saltwater aquarium are ammonia and nitrate. There are test kits that allow you to monitor the levels of these pollutants in your water. Your fish may begin to die without any apparent reason as a result of the pollution. Symptoms to look for are,reduced appetite, strange behavior, and fins that are clamped. This could indicate that the water is polluted and drastic action is needed. You can prevent these potentially harmful problems by using a protein skimmer. As a filtration system, the skimmer is effective in removing dissolved organic matter from the salt water aquarium and in keeping the nitrates at a safe level. The protein skimmer is also useful in preventing algae accumulation, by increasing oxygen and reducing phosphates.

Protein skimmers provide three benefits for your fish.

• Maintains clean, high quality water. 
• Removes the organic waste products,
• Keeps the gas exchange regulated. 

1. Air Driven Skimmer: Uses an air pump to make bubble, most cost effective and easy to find.

2.  Venturi Style: Uses a high pressure valve to inject bubble in to the aquarium, slightly more expensive but a smaller unit.

3. E.T.S. (Environmental Tower Scrubber: Uses a high power stream of water to create bubbles. Larger unit and costly.How the protein skimmer works: The bubbles (smaller ones are best) are dispensed in to the water the waste sticks to the bubbles and rises to the top and bursts, then the waste "liquid" flows toward the "suction" valve and is collected in a cup and filtered through the skimmer.

There are a variety of skimmers to choose. Seek guidance from our expert on the best one for your aquarium.For the hobbyist, however, it removes a lot of the worry about keeping your fish healthy and alive. All of this means, less frequent water changes for the aquarium.As such is worth the investment.The protein skimmer will keep your fish healthy and your aquarium clean

Ultra violet sterilization is one of the most effective means of disease prevention in aquariums and ponds and for general water quality control in aquariums/ponds.UV Sterilization is also effective for controlling suspended algae (green water) in ponds.

UVs are also useful in Reef aquaria, especially new ones where the chance of disease introduction is high and the UVs help in keeping a balanced Redox Potential is useful Most experts now agree that the Redox should be +300 to -100 mV for marine or +125 to -200 mV for freshwater for healthy fish immunity, which a UV Sterilizer can help maintain. When used in conjunction with proper fish-keeping practices, an ultraviolet sterilizer is a great way to help protect aquarium inhabitants from potentially harmful microorganisms. Ultraviolet sterilizers use a special fluorescent lamp that emits light at a wavelength of 253.7 nanometers.

Aquarium water pumped through the UV chamber is exposed to this UV light and is irradiated. Free-floating microorganisms in the passing water are affected by the UV light and are no longer able to multiply. Through continual use, UV sterilizers can help manage water quality issues due to microorganisms such as bacteria, algae, and parasites. floating algae. When operated correctly, free floating microorganisms will be killed by the UV light. For this reason a properly installed/designed UV Sterilizer by AquariumIndia helps improves a fish’ chances in fighting bacterial diseases or even parasitic diseases.

Proper fish husbandry and regular routine maintenance are the keys to a healthy aquarium environment. However, from time to time, unexpected loss, sudden algae blooms, and other events compromise the health and beauty of your prized aquarium. Perhaps a UV sterilizer is right for your aquarium.

One goal many aquarists share is to make their reef aquarium maintenance as easy as possible. One way to simplify reef keeping is to include one or more types of reactors in your setup. Reactors reduce the number of chemicals you normally dose manually to maintain water quality and can move you one step closer to aquarium automation.

There are a few different kinds of reactors for reef aquariums. These few types can be further broken down into two categories:


1.Reactors that Add

Calcium and kalk reactors add elements to aquarium water
 
2.Reactors that Take Away

Media and denitrate reactors remove elements (like dissolved organics) from aquarium water    

1. REACTORS THAT ADD

In a reef tank, calcareous organisms like corals and clams along with calcareous algae, such as coralline algae, utilize the calcium dissolved in the water as one of the components to build their skeletons or shells. To keep a constant level in our reef tanks we need to supply calcium into the water column. One of the ways to accomplish this is the use of a calcium or kalkwasser reactor.

Calcium reactors are best for maintaining the calcium levels in your aquarium. If the calcium levels in your aquarium are already low, you should assist your reactor by using a calcium supplement to raise the level and let the reactor maintain it from there.
The calcium needs in your tank will change over time. As you add more corals and the corals themselves grow, you'll need to occasionally adjust your reactor. When first adding a calcium reactor to your tank, start with the manufacturer's recommended effluent and CO2 bubble rates for your size aquarium. Test your levels over the course of the next few weeks and adjust the CO2 bubble or effluent rate until your tank's desired calcium levels are sustained. While the initial investment may be a high, the long-term costs are very inexpensive.
 Under the items needed use of a pH controller. In a reef tank we are trying to maintain high pH levels (normally between 8.2-8.4).

what kalkwasser is. The word kalkwasser (shortened to kalk most of the time) is a German word for “limewater.” When calcium hydroxide is mixed with RO or RO/DI water it creates a solution that is rich in calcium, carbonate and also has a very high pH, normally above 12. This mixture can be very beneficial to a reef aquarium as it can not only supply calcium and carbonate to the tank but can also help bump up the pH, a problem many hobbyists contend with.

Since the mixture has a very high pH, you don't want to dump too much too quickly into your tank or you may raise the pH too high and cause major problems for your tank's inhabitants. Dripping the solution into the tank is the best method for delivery.

let's look at two reactors that remove organics from the tank. Nitrates and phosphates can cause major problems in a reef aquarium, like excessive algae growth (nuisance algae in particular) as well as inhibit the growth of corals by limiting their ability for calcification. Other dissolved organics can cause issues with water clarity. The use of filter media within a reactor can help alleviate these issues.Water from the aquarium (with high nitrate levels) slowly flows through the reactor and bacteria forms to break down the nitrate. The area within the reactor becomes low in oxygen and the bacteria within it will use the oxygen found in the nitrate (NO3), thus reducing the nitrate levels. The filters become biologically active so it may take a few weeks for signs of lowered nitrates.
Since these reactors rely on bacteria to break down the nitrate, you'll need to give them time to perform. Once established, they will help reduce your nitrate levels. You'll just need the patience to allow the bacteria to form and do its job.

These reactors are becoming increasingly popular,  Phosban Reactors. Now many companies produce similar reactors for use on all sizes of aquariums. 
Water is fed into the reactor where it flows through the media (usually an upward flow) and then back into the tank or sump. By keeping the media fluidized (almost floating, if you will) within the reactor the water will come into contact with 100% of the media particles. This ensures the most effective use of the media within the reactor