Dinesh Scientific.

The present Setup is designed to measure the emissivity of test plate. The test plate comprises of a mica heater sandwiched between two circular plates. Black plate is identical with test plate, but its surface is blackened. As all the physical properties, dimension and temperature are equal; heat losses from both plates will be same except radiation loss. Hence the input difference will be due to difference in emissivity. Both plates are supported on individual brackets in a wooden enclosure with one side glass to ensure steady atmospheric conditions. Temperature Sensors are provided to measure the temperature of each plate and surrounding. Supply is given to heaters through separate Variac so that temperatures of both can be kept equal and is measured with Digital Voltmeter and Digital Ammeter.

Experiments:

Determining the Emissivity of a test plate.

Study the variation of emissivity of test plate with respect to

absolute temperature.

Utilities Required:

Electricity Supply: 1Phase, 220 V AC, 4 Amps.

Table for setup support

Technical Details:

Product Name Emissivity Measurement Apparatus

160mm

160mm

The setup consists of a brass tube fitted in a rectangular duct in a vertical fashion.The duct is

open at the top and bottom, and forms an enclosure and serves the purpose of undisturbed

surrounding. One side of the duct is fitted with a transparent

good quality Acrylic window for visualization. An electric

heating element is kept in the vertical tube that in turns

heats the tube surface. The heat is lost from the tube to the

surrounding air by natural convection. The temperature of

the vertical tube is measure by Temperature Sensors and

displayed by a Digital Temperature Indicator with multichannel

switch. The heat input to the heater is measured by

a Digital Ammeter and a Digital Voltmeter and is varied by a

Variac. The tube surface is polished to minimize the radiation

losses.

Experiments

To determine average heat transfer coefficient

Utilities Required

Electricity Supply: I Phase, 220 V AC, 2 Amps.

Table for setup support

technical details

Product Name Heat Transfer in Natural Convection Apparatus

Nichrome Wire.

Dia: 38 mm (approx).

Length : 500 mm(approx)

It provides visualization of two phases of liquid viz. boiling and condensation. The liquid is

R-11 in which a hot cylinder is immersed. The boiling of liquid can be observed over heater

surface up to nucleate boiling phase. Condenser coil is provided at the top of the cylinder, over which the

vapor is condensed to liquid. A pressure of the vapor and water flow in condenser is measured by a pressure

gauge & Rotameter. Dimmer stat provides control of heater surface temperature and thermometer notes

liquid temperature, inside glass cylinder.

Experiments:

To study the

two phases heat transfer

unit

Utilities Required:

Electricity Supply: 1Phase, 220 V AC, 3

kW

Floor area 2 m x 1m

Technical Details:

Product Name Heat Transfer in Two Phase Apparatus

To measure liquid R-11 temperature.

0-230v, 2 Amps. Capacity for heater control.

Heat exchanger is devices in which heat is transferred from one fluid to another. The apparatus consists of a concentric tube heat exchanger. Hot water flows through inner tube in one direction only and cold water flows over the inner tube in outer tube. Direction of cold fluid flow can be changed from parallel or counter to hot water so that unit can be operated as parallel or counter flow heat exchanger. Flow rates of hot and cold water are measured using Rotameter. A magnetic drive pump is used to circulate the hot water from a re-cycled type water tank, which is fitted with heaters and Digital Temperature Controller.

Experiments:

To calculate the following parameters both for parallel and counter flow

arrangement.

To find the rate of heat transfer

To calculate the LMTD

Overall heat transfer co-efficient.

To compare the performance of Parallel and Counter flow heat exchanger

Utilities Required:

Water supply 10 lit/min (approx.) and drain

Electricity Supply: 1Phase, 220 V AC, 3 kW

Floor area 2 m x 0.6m

Technical Details:

Product Name Parallel Counter Flow Heat Exchanger Apparatus

1.6 m(approx.)

Water to Water

The apparatus is designed to determine, the Stefan Boltzmann constant.

The apparatus

consists of a hemisphere fixed to a Bakelite plate, the outer surface of

which forms the jacket to heat it. Hot water to heat the hemisphere is

obtained from a hot water tank, which is fixed above the hemisphere. The

copper test disc is introduced at the center of hemisphere. The

temperatures of hemisphere and test disc are measured with the help of

temperature sensors.

Experiments:

Determination of Stefan Boltzmann constant and study the effect of

hemisphere temperature on it

Utilities Required:

Electricity Supply: I Phase. 220 V AC, 2 kW.

Table for setup support

Dia.200 mm (approx.) made of Copper

The experimental set up consists of metal bar, one end of which is heated by an electric

heater while the other end of the bar projects inside the cooling water jacket. A cylindrical

shell filled with the asbestos insulating powder surrounds the middle portion of the bar. The temperature of

the bar is measured at different sections. Heat Input to the heater is given through Variac and measured by

Digital Voltmeter & Digital Ammeter. By varying the heat input rates, wide range of experiments can be

performed. Water under constant head condition is circulated through the jacket and its flow rate and

temperature rise is noted.

Experiments:

To plot the temperature distribution

along the length of Bar

To determine the thermal conductivity

of given bar at various temperatures

Utilities Required:

Water supply 3 lit/min (approx.)

Drain

Electricity Supply: 1 Phase, 220 V AC 2

Amp.

Technical Details:

Product Name Thermal Conductivity of a Metal Rod Apparatus

250 mm Dia : 200mm

Copper Length : 450 mm Dia : 25mm

Insulating Powder Apparatus is designed to determine the thermal conductivity of insulating

powder. The Apparatus consists of two thin walled concentric copper spheres. Inner

sphere houses Nichrome Wire heating coil. Insulating powder is filled between the spheres. Heat flows

radially outwards. Temperature sensors at proper positions are fitted to measure surface temperatures of

spheres. Heat input to the heater is given through a Variac and measured by Digital Voltmeter & Digital

Ammeter. By varying the heat input rates, wide range of experiments can be performed.

Experiments:

Determination of thermal conductivity of insulating

powder

Comparison of thermal Conductivity of insulating

powder at different temperatures

Utilities Required:

Electricity Supply: 1 Phase, 220 V AC, 2 Amps.

Technical Details:

Product Name Thermal Conductivity of Insulating Powder Apparatus

Dia. 200mm

Dia. 100mm

The present apparatus is designed to determine thermal conductivities of different liquids.

The apparatus consists of a heater. The heater heats a thin layer of liquid. A cooling plate

removes heat through liquid layer, ensuring unidirectional heat flow. Temperature is measured across the

liquid layer and complete assembly is properly insulated. A proper arrangement for changing the liquids is

provided. The whole assembly is kept in chamber.

Experiments:

Determination of Thermal conductivity of

different liquids and to make a comparative

study

Study of variation of thermal conductivity

of different liquids with temperature

Utilities Required:

Water supply 5 lit/min (approx.)

Drain. .

Electricity Supply: 1Phase, 220 V AC, 2

Amps.

Technical Details:

Product Name Thermal Conductivity of Liquids) Apparatus

Dia 100 mm, sandwiched between copper plates

170 mm (approx) Height : 22 mm (approx)

The cross flow heat exchanger is air-to-air type heat exchanger. On both hot and cold

Sides, air flow is generated by centrifugal blowers. Hot air is obtained by passing air over a bank of finned

Tubes. The air then flows to heat exchanger section i. e. a bank of finned tubes. Hot air flows through tubes

While cold air flows over the tubes at right angle to hot air. The experiments can be conducted over various

Air flow rates and air temperatures to determine LMTD, heat transfer rates and effectiveness of heat

exchanger.

To determine the water side overall heat transfer coefficient on a

cross-flow heat exchanger

Utilities required:

Electricity Supply: 1Phase, 220 V AC, 3 kW

Floor area 3 m x 2m

Finned tubes. 17mm. I. D., 20mm. O. D., 0.5mtr. long tube with

50mm. O. D. fins - 25 Nos.

It is a superconducting device and involves the transfer of heat by boiling and condensation

of a fluid and hence transfer of heat takes place under nearly isothermal condition. In this

apparatus the comparison of heat pipe with the copper pipe as good conductor of heat and with the

stainless steel pipe as same material of construction is made. It consists of three identical cylindrical

conductors In respect of geometry. One end of these is heated electrically while there are small capacity

tanks acting as heat sinks at the other end. The unit consists of a heat pipe a copper pipe and a stainless

steel pipe. Temperature sensors are embedded along the length to measure the temperature distribution

and the heat transfer rate is noted in terms of the temperature rise in the heat sink tanks. The performance

of the heat pipe as a superconducting device can be studied well in terms of the temperature distribution

along the length at a given instant and can be compared with other two members. Nearly isothermal

temperature distribution and fast rise of temperature in heat sink tank reveals the heat pipe superiority over

the conventional conductors.

To demonstrate the super thermal conductivity of Heat Pipe and to compare its working with best

conductor i.e. Copper pipe & Stainless steel pipe as same material of construction.

To plot the temperature v/s time response of three pipes

To plot the temperature distribution along the length of three pipes

Electricity Supply: 1Phase, 220 V AC, 4 Amp

Table for setup support

1

ST

Heat pipe made of stainless steel

2

and

Made of copper.

3

RD

Made of Stainless steel.

Size: 32 mm dia, 350 mm length (Approx.)

Material Stainless steel

The setup is designed to study the heat transfer in a pin fin. It consists of pin type fin fitted

in duct. A fan is provided on one side of duct to conduct experiments under forced draft

conditions. Airflow rates can be varied with the help of damper provided in the duct. A heater

heats one end of fin and heat flows to another end. Heat input to the heater is given through Variac. Digital

Temperature Indicator measures temperature distribution along the fin.

To study temperature distribution along the length of fin in both Free & forced convection

Comparison of theoretical temperature distribution with experimentally obtained distribution

Electricity Supply: 1 Phase, 220 V AC, 5 Amps.

Table for setup support

Brass Size : 12.5 mm (approx.) 15 cm long (approx.)

The apparatus consists of Blower unit fitted with the test pipe. Nichrome wire heater

surrounds the test section. Four Temperature Sensors are embedded on the test section,

two placed in the air stream at the entrance and exit of the test section to measure the inlet and outlet air

temperature. Test pipe is connected to the delivery side of the blower along with the Orifice to measure flow

of air through the pipe. Constant heat flux is given to pipe by an electric heater through a Variac and

measured by Digital Voltmeter and Digital Ammeter.

To determine average surface heat transfer coefficient for a pipe losing heat by forced convection.

Comparison of heat transfer coefficient for different airflow rates and heat flow rates.

To plot surface temperature distribution along the length of pipe

Electricity Supply: 1 Phase, 220 V AC, 10Amp.

Floor area of 1.2mx 0.5m

Dia : 28 mm (approx.)

Length : 400 mm (approx.)

Thermal conductivity of insulating slab (by guarded hot plate method) apparatu

The setup is designed to determine thermal conductivities of insulating materials in the form

of slabs. The apparatus consists of main central heater and ring guard heater, sandwiched between the

specimens. Cooling plates are provided on the either side of the specimen. Two identical specimens are

clamped between heater ensures unidirectional heat flow through specimen. The whole assembly is kept in

chamber and insulated by ceramic wool insulation around the setup.

Determination of Thermal conductivity of insulating Material in the form of slab Study of variation of

thermal conductivity of the material with temperature

Water supply 5 lit/min (approx.)

Drain.

Electricity Supply: I Phase, 220 V AC, 2 Amps.

180 mm (approx) Thickness: 12 mm (approx).