Occurring from Malaysia to Borneo and in Sumatra, several species of the genus dryobalanops have gained commercial importance. Timber from these species are indistinguishable in the trade and are all marketed together. They are known by various common names besides Kapur, eg borneo camphor wood, borneo teak, keladan.
Al though the Malaysian kapur wood is known as Borneo camphor wood, it is not related to true camphor wood (cinnamomum sp.) is very common in certain areas in Malaysia and usually occur gregariously on low hills. Malaysian kapur wood is usually restricted to swampy areas and low lying valleys. D.lanceolata and other species of the genius are often found with other free species in well-drained soils.
'Dryobalanops trees grow to a large size reaching heights over 60m with trunk diameter over 1m. Boles are straight, cylindrical, and free of branches up to 30 m. Kapur sapwood is narrow, light yellowish brown, and is clearly demarcated from the heartwood which is reddish brown in colour. Kapur wood has straight to slightly interlocked to deeply interlocked grain. Growth rings are indistinct. The wood has a moderately coarse even texture. Fine resin ducts are present. The wood is lustrous.
Properties:
Malaysian kapur wood is a medium hardwood of air dry weight 640 kg/cm2. Kapur from Malaysia is reported to be somewhat heavier than supplies from Borneo. Kapur hardwood has high resistance to attack by fungi but is not equally resistant to termites. The sapwood is susceptible to attack by powder post beetle, but is treatable. Heartwood is resistant to preservative treatment Kapur is reported to have very good weathering qualities.
Physical and mechanical properties:
| Density, air-dry | 640 kg/m2 |
| Shrinkage, green to over dry Radial Tangential | 4.6% 10.2% |
| Modulus of rupture (MOR) | 126 N/mm2 |
| Modulus of elasticity (MOE) | 13000 N/mm2 |
| Compression strength | 70 N/mm2 |
Seasoning:Kapur is reported to dry rather slowly but very well. The timber may cup slightly and twist during drying. Recommended kiln schedule for 4/4 stock is given in table. Kapur shows medium movement in service.
Kiln Schedule For Seasoning: | Moisture content % | Dry bulb 0C | Wet bulb 0C | Relative Humidity % |
| Green | 48.5 | 46 | 85 |
| 60 | 48.5 | 45 | 80 |
| 40 | 51.5 | 46.5 | 75 |
| 30 | 54.5 | 47 | 65 |
| 25 | 60 | 49 | 55 |
| 20 | 68 | 53 | 45 |
| 15 | 76.5 | 58 | 40 |
Workability:Working properties of Kapur are generally good. It is reported to saw, plane, bore, mould, mortise, and turn rather easily. It responds well to both hand and machine tools with moderate blunting effects on edges. Blunting effects is more with deeply interlocked grain wood. Kapur can be sanded and finished to a moderately smooth to smooth surface.