Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed of small grains cemented by siliceous, felspathic, or calcareous cementing material. The durability of rock depends on the cementing material. Sandstone is often formed in layers and has varied applications as building stones. This coarse-grained sedimentary rock is formed by the consolidation and aggregation of sand and held together by a natural cement, such as silica.

It is an extremely hard and tough material and consists of consolidated masses of sand deposited by moving water or by wind. Some of the sandstone are so homogeneous and soft that they are capable of receiving most elaborate carving and filigree work. The color of the rock is largely determined by the cementing material - iron oxides produces red or reddish-brown sandstone, and the other materials produce sandstone in white, grayish or yellowish sandstone.