The major uses for methanol are depicted in the table below. This is only a partial listing, with many smaller derivatives that comprise the balance, although the major groupings are listed. The versatility of methanol and its derivatives becomes evident from this list, as it indicates that many commercial pathways leading to modern-day consumer goods rely on the existence of methanol. Methanol has also been used as an ?alternative fuel.? In Europe, methanol is used in the production of biodiesel, which can replace refinery based diesel for use in transportation. And in China, methanol is used directly as a blending component of gasoline, driven by the need to extend the octane pool in that country, and also due to economic feasibility as high crude oil and gasoline prices have encouraged the use of less costly methanol. Methanol has also been considered for direct combustion in combined cycle power generation facilities. There is also significant commercialization effort underway in two developmental uses for methanol: fuel cells and methanol-to-olefins (MTO or GTO ? gas to olefins). Fuel cells can utilize the hydrogen molecules of methanol (as well as other fuels) to create electricity (and water). MTO/GTO utilizes methanol as an intermediary step in the production of olefins and their derivatives (ethylene, propylene, polyethylene, polypropylene). All of these ?alternative fuel? uses for methanol have significant hurdles in their commercialization, but high potential demand.
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