A. Manavalan

Civil law, Civilian law or Roman law is a legal system which has been intellectualised within the framework of the late Roman law- also the most intricate and historically prevalent legal system of the world, studied and practiced by civil law consultants. It is a legal system where the core principles are codified in a referable system which serves as primary source of law.

Legal practice is sometimes used to distinguish the body of judicial or administrative precedents, rules, policies, customs, and doctrines from legislative enactments such as statutes and constitutions which might be called "laws".

Family law (also called Matrimonial Law) is an area of the law that deals with family matters and domestic relations, including:

• Marriage, civil unions, and domestic partnerships
• Adoption and surrogacy
• Child abuse and child abduction
• The termination of relationships and ancillary matters, including divorce, annulment, property settlements, alimony, child custody and visitation, child support and alimony awards.
• Juvenile adjudication
• Paternity testing and paternity fraud

Criminal law or penal law is the body of law that relates to crime. It regulates social conduct and proscribes whatever is threatening, harmful, or otherwise endangering to the property, health, safety, and moral welfare of people. It includes the punishment of people who violate these laws.

Criminal law varies according to jurisdiction, and differs from civil law, where emphasis is more on dispute resolution and victim compensation than on punishment.

Labour law (also labor law or employment law, see spelling differences) mediates the relationship between workers (employees), employers, trade unions and the government. Collective labour law relates to the tripartite relationship between employee, employer and union. Individual labour law concerns employees rights at work and through the contract for work. Employment standards are social norms (in some cases also technical standards) for the minimum socially acceptable conditions under which employees or contractors are allowed to work. Government agencies (such as the former US Employment Standards Administration) enforce labour law (legislative, regulatory, or judicial).