Ashok Pandey

Rhinoplasty or Nose job or Nose reshaping is one of the most commonly performed cosmetic surgery procedure especially in the younger age group. Nose being the most prominent part of our body cannot go unnoticed. A pleasing nose in harmony with lips and chin is considered hallmark of one's beauty.
'Ideal nose' is that which suits your face the best and is in harmony with other facial features. Nose is divided into upper fixed root, middle dorsum or bridge and the lower moveable lobule or the tip region. All these regions of the nose are amiable to change.
Thus a nose that is too big, very broad, with hump or prominent bridge, very long, drooping, broad, rounded or heavy tip, short, depressed or crooked, wide and flaring can be corrected and made more pleasing. Blocked nose with difficulty in breathing responds well to septum correction surgery or septo-rhinoplasty.
Nose cosmetic surgery is a highly individualized procedure and you should do it for yourself, not to fulfill someone else’s desires or to try to fit any sort of ideal image.

Also known as abdominoplasty, a tummy tuck removes excess fat and skin, and in most cases restores weakened or separated muscles creating an abdominal profile that is smoother and firmer.
A flat and well-toned abdomen is something many of us strive for through exercise and weight control. Sometimes these methods cannot achieve our goals.
Even individuals of otherwise normal body weight and proportion can develop an abdomen that protrudes or is loose and sagging. The most common causes of this include:
Pregnancy
Aging
Significant Fluctuations in weight
Heredity
Prior Surgery
Tummy tuck surgery is a highly individualized procedure and you should do it for yourself, not to fulfill someone else's desires or to try to fit any sort of ideal image.
Individuals who are planning substantial weight loss or women who may be considering future pregnancies may be advised to postpone abdominoplasty surgery.
Tummy tucks are not a substitute for weight loss or an appropriate exercise program. Also, tummy tuck operations cannot correct stretch marks, although these may be removed or somewhat improved if they are located on the areas of excess skin that will be excised, generally the treated areas below the belly button.

Aesthetic plastic surgery can improve the shape or positioning of your ears if they are large in proportion to your other features or protrude more than normal. Surgery is possible at any age, but is often recommended for children as they near total ear development at age five or six. When the ears are corrected prior to the child entering school, the surgery helps eliminate potential psychological trauma.
The ears are positioned closer to the head by reshaping the cartilage (supporting tissue). This is usually accomplished through incisions placed behind the ears so that subsequent scars will be concealed in a natural skin crease.
After surgery, a gauze dressing or bandage may be worn for a few days or several weeks to ensure that the ears heal in their new, corrected position. Strenuous activities and contact sports should be avoided for several weeks.

The eyes are focal point of the face and contribute substantially to your overall facial appearance. Bags beneath the eyes, wrinkled drooping layers of skin on the eyelids, and sagging eyebrows give the entire face a perpetually tired or sad expression.
Aesthetic eyelid surgery can "brighten" the face and restore a more youthful appearance by reducing the fat and extra skin that causes these conditions. Blepharoplasty is often performed along with a face-lift or with other facial rejuvenating procedures.
The surgeon may operate on the upper and lower eyelids as necessary, removing excess skin and muscle as well as eliminating or repositioning fat under the skin that creates puffiness and bagginess of the eyelids. Incisions are hidden within natural folds or beneath lash lines, or sometimes may be placed inside the lower eyelid if removal of skin is not necessary.
Sometimes the upper eyelid problem is aggravated by sagging of the eyebrows, and this may require correction with a brow lift.
Because eyelid skin is thin, you should expect some swelling and black-and-blue discoloration after surgery. Your eyes may be temporarily sensitive to light and susceptible to excess tearing or dryness. You may want to wear dark glasses for a couple of weeks to protect your eyes from wind and sun irritation and avoid eye strain from prolonged reading or television viewing. You will be able to resume wearing makeup and contact lenses shortly after your surgery.

Chin augmentation (genioplasty or mentoplasty) can strengthen the appearance of a receding chin by increasing its projection. Simultaneously, it can create better harmony between the chin and other facial features for a more balanced profile. Chin augmentation will not affect your bite or jaw function.
There are two techniques for adding prominence and contour to your chin. One, performed through an incision inside the mouth, requires moving the chinbone. The other approach involves insertion of an implant. The incisions to insert the implant may be made inside the mouth or on the underside of the chin. In the latter case, surgery usually leaves a faint scar that is barely visible underneath the chin.
To permit proper healing following chin augmentation, you may be placed on a liquid diet for a day or two. The area may be taped or bandaged.
Similarly, in some cases the cheekbones may be built up (augmented) by placing an implant over them. This is usually performed through an incision inside the mouth, but it may be done through a lower eyelid or brow lift incision.
After a chin or cheek augmentation, you will most likely be up and about the same day as surgery and back to work within one or two weeks.

A facelift can reduce sagging skin on the face and neck, helping these areas to appear firmer and fresher. Your bone structure, heredity and skin texture all play a role in how many "years" a facelift can "remove" and, to some extent, influence how long will it last.
The surgeon performs a facelift operation one side at a time, working through incisions that are placed in the hairline, in front of or partially within the ears as well as behind the ears. The incisions are designed to keep the resultant scars as inconspicuous as possible. When necessary, removal of fatty deposits beneath the skin and tightening of sagging muscles is performed. The slack in the skin itself is then redraped and excess removed. Most of your scars will be hidden within the hairline or within the normal lines and creases around the ears. The scars can usually be concealed by the hair with the makeup.
Patients who do not have a significant amount of excess skin sometimes may be candidates for an endoscopic facelift. Using an endoscope, the plastic surgeon can smooth the skin and tighten the muscles through very small incisions that are easily concealed. Depending on which areas of the face and neck require correction, incisions may be placed in the lower eyelid, upper gum line, beneath the chin or behind the ears.
After facelift surgery, you will experience temporary skin discoloration and some tightness or numbness in the face and the neck. Healing is gradual, so expect to wait several months for optimal results. Since your skin will remain somewhat sensitive for a few months, protection from the sun, including daily use of a sun block, is essential. You can wear cosmetics shortly after surgery.

Reconstructive surgery involves the restoration of form and function to a damaged body part and building up of normal physical contours when parts of the body such as nose, jaw, ears or fingers are missing or disfigured because of trauma, cancer, burns, birth defects or surgery. For example carpal tunnel surgery brings function back into your hands. Operating on scars after an auto accident restores form and function to skin. Both are specific types of reconstructive surgery.
Reconstructive Surgery Includes :

• Congenital cleft lip or palate
• Surgery for congenital hand defects
• Surgery for hand injuries
• Cranio-maxillo-facial surgery
• Surgery for acute burns
• Surgery for post burn contractures
• Reconstruction of skin lesions and skin defects
• Reconstruction of skin loss on leg
• Reconstruction of pressure sores
• Post cancer reconstruction
• Microsurgery
• Penile implant surgery for impotence

Also known as lipoplasty, liposuction slims and reshapes specific areas of the body by removing excess fat deposits, improving your body contours and proportion, and ultimately, enhancing your self-image.
Despite good health and a reasonable level of fitness, some people may still have a body with disproportionate contours due to localized fat deposits. These areas may be due to family traits rather than a lack of weight control or fitness.
Liposuction surgery can be used to treat stubborn fat pockets in many parts of the body including the thighs, arms, neck, hips, waist, back, inner knee, chest, cheeks, chin, calves, and ankles. In some cases, liposuction is performed alone, in other cases it is used with plastic surgery procedures such as a facelift, breast reduction, or a tummy tuck.
Liposuction Techniques
Suction Assisted Lipectomy (SAL) - Traditional and time tested which has been used all over the world with consistent results. Decades of studies are available on the impeccable safety record of this procedure. Finer cannulas and better techniques have resulted in vastly improved results. SAL is now the gold standard technique for liposuction surgery.
Ultrasound / Laser / Infra red waves Assisted Lipectomy (UAL) - Utilizes external energy to break the fat cells before suctioning them out. Advantages include decreased effort for the surgeon and probably less amount of blood loss. However, increased chances of fluid collection and skin damage exist. Long term safety record is unavailable as these techniques have been advocated in the market for only few years. More chances of having a complication as compared to SAL.
If you smoke, it would be very beneficial if you refrain from smoking at least one week prior to your surgery. This is to help your lungs and circulation be in their best condition for surgery and to aid in healing. Please do not take any or , blood thinning drugs ,diet pills or herbal supplements for 2 weeks preceding surgery. These substances can cause excessive bleeding.
Medications are administered for your comfort during the surgical procedures. The choices include intravenous sedation or general anesthesia or tumescent anesthesia. Liposuction is performed through small, inconspicuous incisions(2-3 mm).First, sterile wetting solution is infused to reduce bleeding and trauma. Then a thin hollow fine cannula, is inserted through these incisions to loosen excess fat using a controlled back and forth motion. The dislodged fat is then suctioned out of the body using a surgical vacuum or syringe attached to the cannula. The amount of fat removed will depend on the number of areas addressed and the quantity of fat deposited in the areas. Usually 3-15 liters of fat can be removed in well selected cases. The quantity of fat removed and the medical condition of the patient decides if the surgery can be done as a day care or a hospital based procedureYour improved body contour will be apparent when the swelling and fluid retention commonly experienced following liposuction subside.