Ashok Pandey

Rhinoplasty or Nose job or Nose reshaping is one of the most commonly performed cosmetic surgery procedure especially in the younger age group. Nose being the most prominent part of our body cannot go unnoticed. A pleasing nose in harmony with lips and chin is considered hallmark of one's beauty.
'Ideal nose' is that which suits your face the best and is in harmony with other facial features. Nose is divided into upper fixed root, middle dorsum or bridge and the lower moveable lobule or the tip region. All these regions of the nose are amiable to change.
Thus a nose that is too big, very broad, with hump or prominent bridge, very long, drooping, broad, rounded or heavy tip, short, depressed or crooked, wide and flaring can be corrected and made more pleasing. Blocked nose with difficulty in breathing responds well to septum correction surgery or septo-rhinoplasty.
Nose cosmetic surgery is a highly individualized procedure and you should do it for yourself, not to fulfill someone else’s desires or to try to fit any sort of ideal image.

Also known as abdominoplasty, a tummy tuck removes excess fat and skin, and in most cases restores weakened or separated muscles creating an abdominal profile that is smoother and firmer.
A flat and well-toned abdomen is something many of us strive for through exercise and weight control. Sometimes these methods cannot achieve our goals.
Even individuals of otherwise normal body weight and proportion can develop an abdomen that protrudes or is loose and sagging. The most common causes of this include:
Pregnancy
Aging
Significant Fluctuations in weight
Heredity
Prior Surgery
Tummy tuck surgery is a highly individualized procedure and you should do it for yourself, not to fulfill someone else's desires or to try to fit any sort of ideal image.
Individuals who are planning substantial weight loss or women who may be considering future pregnancies may be advised to postpone abdominoplasty surgery.
Tummy tucks are not a substitute for weight loss or an appropriate exercise program. Also, tummy tuck operations cannot correct stretch marks, although these may be removed or somewhat improved if they are located on the areas of excess skin that will be excised, generally the treated areas below the belly button.

Aesthetic plastic surgery can improve the shape or positioning of your ears if they are large in proportion to your other features or protrude more than normal. Surgery is possible at any age, but is often recommended for children as they near total ear development at age five or six. When the ears are corrected prior to the child entering school, the surgery helps eliminate potential psychological trauma.
The ears are positioned closer to the head by reshaping the cartilage (supporting tissue). This is usually accomplished through incisions placed behind the ears so that subsequent scars will be concealed in a natural skin crease.
After surgery, a gauze dressing or bandage may be worn for a few days or several weeks to ensure that the ears heal in their new, corrected position. Strenuous activities and contact sports should be avoided for several weeks.

The eyes are focal point of the face and contribute substantially to your overall facial appearance. Bags beneath the eyes, wrinkled drooping layers of skin on the eyelids, and sagging eyebrows give the entire face a perpetually tired or sad expression.
Aesthetic eyelid surgery can "brighten" the face and restore a more youthful appearance by reducing the fat and extra skin that causes these conditions. Blepharoplasty is often performed along with a face-lift or with other facial rejuvenating procedures.
The surgeon may operate on the upper and lower eyelids as necessary, removing excess skin and muscle as well as eliminating or repositioning fat under the skin that creates puffiness and bagginess of the eyelids. Incisions are hidden within natural folds or beneath lash lines, or sometimes may be placed inside the lower eyelid if removal of skin is not necessary.
Sometimes the upper eyelid problem is aggravated by sagging of the eyebrows, and this may require correction with a brow lift.
Because eyelid skin is thin, you should expect some swelling and black-and-blue discoloration after surgery. Your eyes may be temporarily sensitive to light and susceptible to excess tearing or dryness. You may want to wear dark glasses for a couple of weeks to protect your eyes from wind and sun irritation and avoid eye strain from prolonged reading or television viewing. You will be able to resume wearing makeup and contact lenses shortly after your surgery.

Chin augmentation (genioplasty or mentoplasty) can strengthen the appearance of a receding chin by increasing its projection. Simultaneously, it can create better harmony between the chin and other facial features for a more balanced profile. Chin augmentation will not affect your bite or jaw function.
There are two techniques for adding prominence and contour to your chin. One, performed through an incision inside the mouth, requires moving the chinbone. The other approach involves insertion of an implant. The incisions to insert the implant may be made inside the mouth or on the underside of the chin. In the latter case, surgery usually leaves a faint scar that is barely visible underneath the chin.
To permit proper healing following chin augmentation, you may be placed on a liquid diet for a day or two. The area may be taped or bandaged.
Similarly, in some cases the cheekbones may be built up (augmented) by placing an implant over them. This is usually performed through an incision inside the mouth, but it may be done through a lower eyelid or brow lift incision.
After a chin or cheek augmentation, you will most likely be up and about the same day as surgery and back to work within one or two weeks.

A facelift can reduce sagging skin on the face and neck, helping these areas to appear firmer and fresher. Your bone structure, heredity and skin texture all play a role in how many "years" a facelift can "remove" and, to some extent, influence how long will it last.
The surgeon performs a facelift operation one side at a time, working through incisions that are placed in the hairline, in front of or partially within the ears as well as behind the ears. The incisions are designed to keep the resultant scars as inconspicuous as possible. When necessary, removal of fatty deposits beneath the skin and tightening of sagging muscles is performed. The slack in the skin itself is then redraped and excess removed. Most of your scars will be hidden within the hairline or within the normal lines and creases around the ears. The scars can usually be concealed by the hair with the makeup.
Patients who do not have a significant amount of excess skin sometimes may be candidates for an endoscopic facelift. Using an endoscope, the plastic surgeon can smooth the skin and tighten the muscles through very small incisions that are easily concealed. Depending on which areas of the face and neck require correction, incisions may be placed in the lower eyelid, upper gum line, beneath the chin or behind the ears.
After facelift surgery, you will experience temporary skin discoloration and some tightness or numbness in the face and the neck. Healing is gradual, so expect to wait several months for optimal results. Since your skin will remain somewhat sensitive for a few months, protection from the sun, including daily use of a sun block, is essential. You can wear cosmetics shortly after surgery.

Reconstructive surgery involves the restoration of form and function to a damaged body part and building up of normal physical contours when parts of the body such as nose, jaw, ears or fingers are missing or disfigured because of trauma, cancer, burns, birth defects or surgery. For example carpal tunnel surgery brings function back into your hands. Operating on scars after an auto accident restores form and function to skin. Both are specific types of reconstructive surgery.
Reconstructive Surgery Includes :

• Congenital cleft lip or palate
• Surgery for congenital hand defects
• Surgery for hand injuries
• Cranio-maxillo-facial surgery
• Surgery for acute burns
• Surgery for post burn contractures
• Reconstruction of skin lesions and skin defects
• Reconstruction of skin loss on leg
• Reconstruction of pressure sores
• Post cancer reconstruction
• Microsurgery
• Penile implant surgery for impotence

Also known as lipoplasty, liposuction slims and reshapes specific areas of the body by removing excess fat deposits, improving your body contours and proportion, and ultimately, enhancing your self-image.
Despite good health and a reasonable level of fitness, some people may still have a body with disproportionate contours due to localized fat deposits. These areas may be due to family traits rather than a lack of weight control or fitness.
Liposuction surgery can be used to treat stubborn fat pockets in many parts of the body including the thighs, arms, neck, hips, waist, back, inner knee, chest, cheeks, chin, calves, and ankles. In some cases, liposuction is performed alone, in other cases it is used with plastic surgery procedures such as a facelift, breast reduction, or a tummy tuck.
Liposuction Techniques
Suction Assisted Lipectomy (SAL) - Traditional and time tested which has been used all over the world with consistent results. Decades of studies are available on the impeccable safety record of this procedure. Finer cannulas and better techniques have resulted in vastly improved results. SAL is now the gold standard technique for liposuction surgery.
Ultrasound / Laser / Infra red waves Assisted Lipectomy (UAL) - Utilizes external energy to break the fat cells before suctioning them out. Advantages include decreased effort for the surgeon and probably less amount of blood loss. However, increased chances of fluid collection and skin damage exist. Long term safety record is unavailable as these techniques have been advocated in the market for only few years. More chances of having a complication as compared to SAL.
If you smoke, it would be very beneficial if you refrain from smoking at least one week prior to your surgery. This is to help your lungs and circulation be in their best condition for surgery and to aid in healing. Please do not take any or , blood thinning drugs ,diet pills or herbal supplements for 2 weeks preceding surgery. These substances can cause excessive bleeding.
Medications are administered for your comfort during the surgical procedures. The choices include intravenous sedation or general anesthesia or tumescent anesthesia. Liposuction is performed through small, inconspicuous incisions(2-3 mm).First, sterile wetting solution is infused to reduce bleeding and trauma. Then a thin hollow fine cannula, is inserted through these incisions to loosen excess fat using a controlled back and forth motion. The dislodged fat is then suctioned out of the body using a surgical vacuum or syringe attached to the cannula. The amount of fat removed will depend on the number of areas addressed and the quantity of fat deposited in the areas. Usually 3-15 liters of fat can be removed in well selected cases. The quantity of fat removed and the medical condition of the patient decides if the surgery can be done as a day care or a hospital based procedureYour improved body contour will be apparent when the swelling and fluid retention commonly experienced following liposuction subside.

While some people love large, luscious lips, others are less comfortable with their full pout. By undergoing lip reduction surgery, you’ll be able to change your lip-size and therefore feel more comfortable with your appearance. It is important that you have a clear idea of how you would like to look and, at the same time, realize there are limitations to the results which can be achieved from the lip reduction procedure.
Lip reduction surgery can be performed under local and/or general anesthetic. The procedure takes about one hour and takes about two weeks to heal.
Lip reduction is performed by making an incision in the length of your lip inside your mouth and then removing a strip of skin from one or both lips, depending upon the look you want to achieve. Your Surgeon will aim to enhance the mouth and lips area to complement your facial features, giving you a softened, natural mouth.
Take it easy and sleep on two pillows to keep your head elevated for around 5 to 7 days or however long your surgeon suggests. Remember that swelling and bruising is perfectly normal after surgery, but this will clear up after a few days. You should expect to see the final results from the lip reduction surgery in about three months. Because of the swelling your lips may look larger after the procedure than before, but they will settle in time.
Give yourself few days after the completion of your lip reduction surgery before returning to your normal routine. It’s also advisable to refrain from participating in contact sports for at least six to eight weeks.

It is possible to surgically create permanent dimples, and the surgical procedure to create dimples is very simple and straightforward when done properly. Dr. Ashok can perform dimple creation surgery in his clinic under nothing more than just local anaesthesia.
A natural dimple is usually formed when there is a small defect in the cheek musculature (most often the buccinators muscle). The skin overlying this small defect is stuck down to the underlying connective tissue and creates a dimple in the skin with facial animation (smiling).
Why would anyone consider getting Dimple Creation Surgery? In some cultures dimples are considered a sign of good luck and prosperity. Also, dimples help brighten a smile and add character. Many patients state that one of their siblings or close friends have a dimple and they are happy to know that dimple surgery is available to give them that option as well.
Dimple creation surgery can simulate this naturally occurring process. To create a dimple, a small painless incision is made in the inside of your cheek. There is no incision or scar on the outside skin. A small absorbable suture is passed through the inside of the cheek and catches the under surface of the skin where the dimple is desired. When this suture is tied it causes a dimpling in the overlying skin. At first there is a dimple present even without smiling, but after several days, or sometimes a few weeks, the dimple is only present while smiling or moving the face. The scarring between the inner skin and muscle will cause a permanent dimple even after the suture is absorbed.
Dimple creation surgery can be done on any type or size cheek. You can decide where the dimples will be, or you can have Dr. Ashok decide with you where the most optimal place for the dimples should be on your face.
Dimple creation surgery is safe and effective, but also potentially reversible. There are minimal complications with dimple formation aside from a little bit of swelling and bruising. You should be able to resume your normal activities the following day. You will take  for only a couple of days after your dimple creation surgery.
Although the cheek is the usual place that patients might request a dimple, the chin is also a frequently requested site. It is possible to make chin dimples as well without any incisions on the outside skin.

Fat injection or autologous fat transplantation has broad applications in cosmetic surgery. Fat grafting usually involves harvesting fat from one part of the body, washing/ purifying it, and the carefully re-injecting it with specially designed needles into the areas requiring augmentation. Body fat makes excellent soft tissue filler material. Fat injection transfers fat from one part of the body to another to recontour the face; diminish frown lines, crow's feet and nasolabial folds (smile lines); and provide definition to areas like the cheeks, lips , chin and hand. It can also be used to fill out depressed scarred areas on any part of the body. Fat injection is not permanent, and may require an effective maintenance program. Perhaps most importantly, it spares the patient the inherent risks associated with fillers derived from animals or cadavers.
The donor site (for example, abdomen, buttocks or thighs) and the treatment site are injected with local anesthetic. Intravenous fluids also are injected into the donor site to facilitate fat collection. Fat cells are extracted through a small needle attached to a syringe. The fat is then processed to remove excess fluids and reinjected with another needle in multiple thin strands in the desired area. "Overfilling" is a necessary corrective due to fat absorption in the weeks after treatment. Fat also can be harvested during a lipoplasty (liposuction) procedure in one area of the body, and then reinjected in another. For longest-lasting effect, patients generally receive 3 to 4 treatments over a six-month period.
Longevity of results can vary significantly from patient to patient.
Swelling, which is commonly seen after fat injection, usually resolves within 2-3 weeks. The degree of swelling is most dependent on the area injected. Patient should avoid the sun until the condition subsides.

Reconstructive hand surgery is the procedure by which form and function of the hand is restored after injury, disease, or deformity. Reconstructive hand surgery may be necessary in cases where injury, congenital deformity, or disease cause significant harm or inhibits the normal hand use and functioning. Reconstructive hand surgery can involve reconstructing, repairing or replacing different parts of the hand including bones, muscles, tendons, joints, skin, and other tissues.
Traumatic injury to the hands resulting in extensive burns; crushed parts, deformity or loss of digits may require reconstructive hand surgery. Common procedures to treat these types of injuries include resetting and repairing dislocations and fractures, repairing nerves and tendons, caring for burns, and reattaching missing digits. After the initial repairs are complete, full reconstructive hand surgery may also include replacement of hand skin through skin grafting, skin and muscle flap procedures, and microsurgical reconstruction of skin, muscle, bone, or nerve by means of tissue transplantation.
Congenital hand deformities can require reconstructive hand surgery. Syndactyly is when children are born with webbed fingers. This is more common in boys than girls and affects one in two thousands babies. Most reconstructive hand surgery in these cases occurs when the child is young (about six months) in order to prevent permanent deformities and to allow normal development of hand function. This operation requires that the webbed skin be cut in a zigzag shape and reconstructed to form two (or more) separate digits. Skin flaps from the back of the fingers or groin area are often taken and grafted into the new web spaces. Other deformities that often require reconstructive hand surgery include: missing, extra, short, curved, or deformed digits.
There are many instances where hand-related diseases will require reconstructive hand surgery. Patients suffering from severe arthritis of the hands or wrists are often successfully treated with arthroplasty or joint replacement surgery. Rheumatoid joints can also be reconstructed. Treatment of infections and tumors in the hands can also be achieved through reconstructive hand surgery. There are several other diseases like carpal tunnel syndrome, tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis), Dupuytren's Contracture, and tendonitis that may benefit from reconstructive hand surgery.
The complexities of reconstructive hand surgery can vary from the more common procedure of carpal tunnel release to the more complex procedures of limb reattachment or tumor removal. Most reconstructive hand surgery is done on an outpatient basis under a local or a general anesthesia. Physical therapy is often a significant part of the recovery process. Reconstructive hand surgery recovery time can very depending on the nature of the injury. A well-trained reconstructive hand plastic surgeon will discuss recovery time, risks and complications, and the expected results of reconstructive hand surgery with you prior to the procedure.

The term scar revision comprises a number of treatments that are applied to render scars less notable. Successful surgical scar revision can have profoundly positive effects on a person’s appearance and psychosocial well-being.
When the skin is in the process of recovering from an injury, whether the result of an accident, surgery, a burn, or acne, scarring will occur wherever multiple layers of the skin have been affected. Once a scar forms, it is permanent but may be made less visible or relocated surgically.
Expectations of the surgery and of the surgeon must be realistic. A person considering facial scar revision must understand that there is no way to remove scars completely. The goal is to improve the appearance of the scar either by disguising it, relocating it, or minimizing its prominence. Skin color and type, age, and the type of scarring, are all important factors that must be part of the discussion prior to surgery.
Different scars require different treatments. For example, severe burns that destroy large sections of skin cause the skin to heal in a puckered way. As the skin heals, muscles and tendons may be affected in this "contracting" movement. Keloid scars are a result of the skin's overproduction of collagen after a wound has healed. These scars generally appear as growths in the scar site. Hypertrophic scars, unlike keloids, do not grow out of the boundaries of the scar area, but because of their thick, raised texture, can be unsightly and may also restrict the natural movement of muscles and tendons.
Because scars are highly individualistic and the patient's attitude toward scars is so personal, maximum improvement in facial scars may require more than one procedure, and more than one technique may be employed.
When a scar is of the contracture type, surgery generally involves removing the scar tissue entirely. Skin flaps, composed of adjacent healthy, unscarred skin, are then lifted and moved to form a new incision line. Where a flap is not possible, a skin graft may be used. A graft involves taking a section of skin tissue from one area and attaching it to another, and time must be allowed following surgery for new blood vessels and soft tissue to form. Z-plasty is a method to move a scar from one area to another, usually into a natural fold or crease in the skin to minimize its visibility. While Z-plasty does not remove all signs of a scar, it does make it less noticeable. Dermabrasion and laser resurfacing are methods a surgeon uses to make "rough or elevated" scars less prominent, by removing part of the upper layers of skin with an abrading tool or laser light. Clearly, the scar will remain, but it will be smoother and less visible.
Keloid or hypertropic scars are often treated first with injections of steroids to reduce size. If this is not satisfactory, the scars can be removed surgically, and the incisions closed with fine stitches, often resulting in less prominent scars.
You can expect to feel some discomfort after facial scar revision surgery. Some swelling, bruising and redness are generally unavoidable. IThough the sutures will be removed within days after the surgery, your skin needs time to heal. Surgeons generally insist on decreased activity after surgery and instruct the patient to keep the head elevated when lying down, to use cold compresses to reduce swelling, and to avoid any activity that places undue stress on the area of the incision. It is important to remember that scar tissues require a year or more to fully heal and achieve maximum improved appearance Insurance does not generally cover surgery that is purely for cosmetic reasons. Surgery to correct or improve scars caused by injury may be reimbursable in whole or in part.

Microdermabrasion is an exciting cosmetic technique that removes the topmost layer of skin.Think of Microdermabrasion like a “superficial skin polishing” that doesn’t hurt. The result is sloughing of dead skin leaving smooth, shiny, hydrated skin. Microdermabrasion promotes both deep skin tissue and collagen rejuvenation while infusing hydrating fluid into your skin. This further promotes vibrant, youthful looking skin while minimizing fine lines, wrinkles, sun damage, and age spots. It can also be used to address dry scaly skin on other body parts such as neck, legs, and hands.
An immediate improvement can be noticed with even the first treatment, however best results are achieved with a dedicated series of at least 5 treatments. A Microdermabrasion facial procedure takes just about thirty minutes, from start to finish. Occasionally, extra time is required for the exfoliation of added areas.
In Microdermabrasion, special equipment is used for resurfacing the skin. It scatters abrasive crystals through a hand piece. These crystals are drawn from a reservoir within the machine and pass through a hose into the hand piece. The hand piece is passed back and forward above the skin, scrapping the top layer. Along with the crystal emitter, the hand piece also delivers vacuum that is used to eliminate the used abrasive crystals and the dead skin. The crystals usually polish the skin whereas vaccum suction promotes the blood circulation and collage production.
What can micro-dermabrasion treat?
Microdermabrasion is effective in rejuvenating skin health and is ideal treatment for:

• Removal of blackheads & whiteheads
• Hyperpigmentation
• Acne scars
• Aging fine lines
• Age spots
• Sun damaged skin
• Stretch marks

The long-term effects of Microdermabrasion are dependent on regular skin care. Additional treatments will renew your youthful appearance. A series of 5-6 sessions, spread over a few months is generally recommended for a client to have the finest results, followed by regular maintenance treatments. One of the advantages of Microdermabrasion is that it has absolutely no recovery time. You can get back to your normal routine almost immediately and apply cosmetics directly after your treatment.

Hair fall is part of a normal hair-growth cycle. Throughout a normal growth cycle, many hairs are shed. Loss of 50 to even 100 hairs daily is not cause for alarm. Noticeable thinning indicates significant hair loss or balding. Hair loss and balding are not life-threatening, but can cause emotional distress Hair loss results from aging, genetic predisposition, thyroid imbalance, eating disorders, prolonged illness, hormonal effects of birth control pills, pregnancy, menopause, and certain medications. The most common cause of hair loss is a hereditary condition known as androgenetic alopecia (AGA).
Hair loss caused by AGA in men and women is characterized by a gradual shrinking of hair follicles which shortens the life cycle of hair. As the growth cycle phase progressively shortens, newly grown hair is shorter and thinner until new hair growth eventually ceases entirely. Hair thinning conditions can be treated.
HAIR is most significant attribute of our personality. At same time as solution of Hair loss and baldness, modern Hair Transplant has become only best and permanent solution to the same. Follicular unit transplantation can be done by two methods (a) Follicular unit hair transplant FUT (STRIP METHOD) &(b) follicular unit extraction FUE method.
FUT (STRIP METHOD) involves the removal of a strip of superficial layers of hair bearing scalp from the back and sides of the head (donor area). The strip is dissected into fine follicular units with the help of st microscopes and is transplanted on to the bald area (recipient area). The main advantage of this method is to cover wider areas as it gives scope for obtaining more no. of grafts in a single session. If the donor area permits, one can transplant even up to 6000 follicular units (9000 follicles) in a single session. Although this method leaves a scar in the donor area, by virtue of the latest advancements in the technology, this can be minimized by a technique called tricophytic closure. Many Indians by nature tend to develop little thicker & wider scars when compared to western people. This method helps in minimizing the scar which is almost invisible after some time. FUE is the latest method of hair transplantation in which the hair follicles are extracted individually and implanted on the bald area. This revolutionary technique of hair restoration and hair regrowth has many advantages including completely natural results, very little bleeding and minimal recovery time for patients.

Dermabrasion is an abrasive dermatology procedure that "sandblasts" the skin to create a smoother layer of skin. Dermabrasion is used to treat scars, pox marks, age (liver) spots and skin lesions. During the dermabrasion procedure, the doctor cleans and freezes the skin. To perform the abrasion, the doctor uses a high-speed instrument equipped with a wheel or brush to strip off the top layers of skin.
Your skin will feel rough and "burned" after the dermabrasion procedure, and it will be pink for a while. Stay out of the sun for several months and be sure to use sunscreen when you do go outdoors.
Risks of dermabrasion can include uneven changes in skin color, scarring and infection.

Lasers are also used to treat vascular lesions (those that involve blood vessels) such as spider veins, hemangiomas (abnormal growths of blood vessels that appear on the face and head), and port  stains (purple lesions, also on the face and neck, that eventually take on a "bumpy" appearance). These disorders are also known as vascular malformations.
To treat these malformations, laser treatments are employed to shrink the dilated blood vessels. This procedure can be performed without anesthesia. In most cases, the procedure must be repeated several times to completely treat the disorder. Side effects include swelling and redness at the treatment sites, skin lightening and minor blisters.

Botox is the brand name of a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Small, diluted amounts can be directly injected into specific muscles, causing controlled weakening of the muscles. The injected muscle can no longer contract, which causes the wrinkles to relax and soften. Botox is most often used on forehead lines, crow's feet (lines around the eye), and frown lines.
The procedure takes only a few minutes, and no anesthesia is required. Botox is injected with a fine needle into specific muscles with only minor discomfort. It generally takes three to seven days to take full effect. The most common side effect is temporary bruising. A small percentage of patients might develop eyelid drooping, which usually resolves in three weeks. This development is usually caused by migration of the Botox. For this reason, you shouldn't rub the treated area for 12 hours after injection or lay down for three
to four hours.

Photodynamic therapy has recently been approved for treatment of actinic keratosis, a precancerous skin lesion, as well as for acne and sun-damaged skin.
Photodynamic therapy consists of a drug called a photosensitizing agent and a light. To treat actinic keratosis, the doctor applies the photosensitizing agent to the skin (in liquid form) and then exposes the area to a light that activates the agent and kills the lesion's cells.
Side effects of photodynamic therapy include increased sensitivity to light, burns and swelling.

Carbon dioxide lasers have been in use for many years to treat different skin conditions. A new generation of carbon dioxide lasers use very short-pulsed light energy (ultra-pulsed) or continuous light beams that are delivered in a scanning pattern to remove thin layers of skin with minimal heat damage to the surrounding structures. These lasers are used to treat wrinkles, scars, warts, linear epidermal nevi (birthmarks), rhinophyma (enlarged oil glands on the nose) and other skin conditions.
Carbon dioxide laser resurfacing is usually performed on an outpatient basis, using local anesthesia in combination with orally or intravenously administered medicines. The areas to be treated are numbed with a local anesthetic. (General anesthesia might be used when the entire face is treated.) A partial-face laserabrasion takes 30 to 45 minutes, and the full-face treatment takes between 90 minutes to two hours.
Following the laser resurfacing procedure, a telfa dressing is applied to the treatment sites for 24 hours. The areas usually heal in 10 to 21 days, depending on the nature of the condition that was treated.

Lasers remove tattoos by breaking up the pigment colors with a high-intensity light beam. Depending on the size and color of your tattoo, the number of treatments will vary. Your tattoo might be removed in two to four visits, though more sessions might be necessary.
During a Laser Tattoo Removal:
The doctor places a handpiece against the surface of the skin and activates the laser light. (The patient wears protective eye coverings.) The laser might be slightly painful.
Smaller tattoos require fewer pulses while larger ones require more. At each treatment, the tattoo should become progressively lighter.
Immediately following treatment, an ice pack is applied to soothe the treated area. The patient will then be asked to apply a topical cream or ointment. A bandage or patch will be used to protect the site. It should be covered with a sun block when out in the sun.
There are minimal side effects to tattoo removal by lasers. The tattoo removal site is at risk for infection. You might also risk lack of complete pigment removal, and there is a slight chance that the treatment can leave you with a permanent scar.