Hi Q Test Equipment Private Limited

• To study the pulse Amplitude modulation and demodulation Techniques.
• To study the effect of amplitude and frequency variation of modulating signal on the output.

• User Manual -1,
• Patch Chord Set -1,
• 3 Pin Power Chord-1

• on board modulation & demodulation circuits
• crystal controlled clock
• on-board modulating signal generator(Synchronized)
• 2 selectable modulating signal frequencies.
• on-board pulse generator
• seperate sample,sample & hold ,flat top outputs(50% duty cycle)
• convertion of single polarity PAM outputs
• on board 2nd & 4th order butter worth low pass filter & amplifier.
• built in DC power supply

• PAM generation by using Analog Switch(DG211)
• Crystal Frequency:4.096MHz
• on board pulse generator:(16KHz,32KHz)pulses by means variation of POT
• on board modulating signal generator:synchronized (1KHz,2KHz)sine waves(switch selectable)& variable amplitutd(10Vp-p)
• low pass filters:butter worth 2nd and 4th order filter cou-off frequency 3.4KHz
• inter connections:4mm sockets
• Accessories included:manuals,patch cords

• To study the Pulse Width Modulation and Demodulation Techniques.
• To study the effect of Amplitude and Frequency of Modulating Signal on PWM output.

• User Manual -1,
• Patch Chord Set -1
• 3 pin Power Chord -1

• On board modulation and demodulation circuits.
• Crystal controlled clock
• On board modulating signal generator(synchronized)
• 2 selectable modulating signal frequencies.
• On board pulse generator (carrier signal)
• On board 2nd & 4th order butter worth low pass filter & amplifier.
• Built in DC power supply

• PWM generation by using 555 IC
• Crystal Frequency:4.096MHz
• On board pulse generator:(min pot position 16KHz,max pot position 32KHz)carrier signal
• On board modulating signal generator: synchronized (1KHz,2KHz) sine waves(switch selectable)& variable amplitutd(10Vp-p)
• Low pass filters:butter worth 2nd and 4th order filter cou-off frequency 3.4KHz
• inter connections: 4mm sockets
• Accessories included:manuals,patch cords

• To study the generation of PPM signal and its demodulation.
• To study the effect of Amplitude and the frequency of modulating signal on its output and observe the wave forms.

• User Manual- 1,
• Patch Chord Set -1
• 3 Pin Power Chord -1.

• on board modulation & demodulation circuits
• crystal controlled clock
• on-board modulating signal generator(Synchronized)
• 2 selectable modulating signal frequencies.
• on board 2nd & 4th order butter worth low pass filter & amplifier.
• built in DC power supply

• Crystal Frequency:4.096MHz
• on board modulating signal generator:synchronized (1KHz,2KHz)sine waves(switch selectable)& variable amplitude(5Vp-p)
• low pass filters:butter worth 2nd and 4th order filter cou-off frequency 3.4KHz
• 4.inter connections:2mm/4mm sockets
• 5.power:230V±10%,50Hz
• 6.Accessories included:manuals,patch cords

List of Experiments:

• To study operation Differential Phase shift Keying modulation & demodulation Techniques.

Accessories:

• User MAnual -1,
• Patch Chord Set -1,
• 3 Pin Power Chord -1.

The trainer provides all necessary inputs and connections for student to study about DPSK modulation and demodualtion techniques.

Features:

• Onboard modulation & demodulation ckts.
• Onboard modulation signal (data clock outputs) D1, D2, D3, D4.
• Onboard carrier generation circuit.
• Onboard clock generation circuit.
• Built in DC power supply

Technical Specifications:

• Onboard modulating signal generator different Frequencies of data stream (square wave D1,D2,D3, D4)
• On board carrier generator: synchronized sire wave to transmitted data stream at 1 KHz.
• Carrier modulation: DFSK
• Test points: 15
• Inter connections: 4mm sockets
• Power: 230 V+/- 10%, 50 Hz
• Dimensions (mm): W330, H80, D200,
• Weight: 2 Kgs
• Accessories included: manual, patch cords.

List of Experiments:

• To study the Pulse Code Modulation and Demodulation.

• User Manual -1,
• Patch Chord Set -1,
• 3 Pin Power Chord -1. 

Specification:

• Clock generation using micro controller
• Low pass filters: butter worth 4th order filter cut off frequency. 3.4 KH
• Onboard modulating signal generator: 1 KHz sine wave with variable amplitude (3Vp-p)
• Variable DC power supply: -2.5V to +2.5V
• External input: maximum amplitude 5 Vp-p Minimum amplitude 50V of sine. Triangle and square waves
• Maximum frequency is 1 KHz
• Inter connections: 4 mm sockets
• Power: 230V+/- 10%, 50Hz
• Accessories included: 2 telephone instruments
• Operating manual: power cord patch cords

Features:

• Onboard modulation & demodulation circuits
• Crystal controlled clock
• A-law PCM and linear encoding techniques
• Onboard modulating signal generator (1 KHz sine)
• 2 selectable sampling rates (4 KHz and 8 KHz)
• Built in variable DC power supply (-2.5V to +2.5 V)
• Onboard 4th butter worth low pass filter
• Onboard LED data indication
• External imputer provision
• Audio input provision for voice signals. Quantization noise for 1 KHz sine input

Objective:

• To Study the Deta & Adaptive Delta Modulation &De Modulation.

• Crystal frequency: 4.096 MHz
• Sampling clock frequency.
• Onboard generator: synchronized sine wave adjustable amplitude.
• Demodulation: by using butter worth low pass filter (3.4KHz cutoff)
• Test points: 13
• Inter connections: 4mm sockets
• Power: 230V+/-10%, 50Hz.
• Dimensions (mm): W330, H80, D200
• Weight: 2kg

Accessories:

• User Manual :1,
• Patch Chord Set -1,
• 3 pin Power Chord - 1,

• On board transmitter & receiver circuits.
• Clock generation from crystal.
• Switch selectable sampling rates.
• Onboard modulation signal generator (2KHz).
• Separate adjustable DC level.
• Onboard 4th order butter worth low pass filter.
• Onboard unipolar to bipolar conversion.

Objective:

• To Study the Delta Modulation & De Modulation.

Technical Specifications:

• Crystal frequency: 4.096 MHz
• Sampling clock frequency.
• Onboard generator: synchronized sine wave adjustable amplitude.
• Demodulation: by using butter worth low pass filter (3.4KHz cutoff)
• Test points: 13
• Inter connections: 4mm sockets
• Power: 230V+/-10%, 50Hz.
• Dimensions (mm): W330, H80, D200
• Weight: 2kg

Accessories:

• User Manual -1,
• Patch Chord Set -1,
• 3 Pin Power Chord -1

The trainer provides all necessary inputs and connections for students to study about delta modulation and demodulation techniques.

Features:

• On board transmitter & receiver circuits.
• Clock generation from crystal.
• Switch selectable sampling rates.
• Onboard modulation signal generator (2KHz).
• Separate adjustable DC level.
• Onboard 4th order butter worth low pass filter.
• Onboard unipolar to bipolar conversion.

Accessories included: manual, patch cords.

Objective:

• To study the operation of Phase Shift Key modulation and demodulation Techniques.

Accessories:

• User Manual -1
• Patch chord Set -1,
• 3 pin Power Chord -1

The trainer provides all necessary inputs and connections for students to study about PSK modulation and demodulation techniques.

Features:

• On board modulation & demodulation circuits.
• Selectable modulating signal (data clock outputs D1, D2, D3, D4)
• On board Carrier signal generator.
• Built in DC power supply.

Technical Specifications:

• On board modulating signal generator: different frequencies of data strem (square wave) D1, D2, D3, D4.
• On board carrier signal genrator: synchronizefd sine wave to transmitted data strem at 10 KHz.
• Carrier modulation: PSK
• Demodulation: corresponding data stream
• Teat points: 7
• Inter connections: 4mm sockets.
• Weight: 2 kgs
• Accessories included: manual, patch cords.

List of Experiments:

• To study the process of Amplitude Shift Keying Modulation & Demodulation and study various Data formatting Modulation and Demodulation Techniques.

• User  Manual - 1,
• Patch Chord set -1,
• 3 Pin Power Chord -1.

Features:

• Onboard modulation & demodulation circuits.
• Onboard carrier generation circuits (since waves) of different fixed frequencies 1 MHz, 750 KHz, & 500 KHz.
• On board modulation signal (data clock) with duty cycle variation.
• Onboard variable carrier offset adjustment.
• Onboard variable modulation offset adjustment.
• Onboard variable carrier gain adjustment.
• Onboard rectifier and low pass filter circuits for ASK demodulation.
• Onboard data squaring circuits & deferential decoders for ASK demodulation.

Technical Specifications:

• On board modulating signal generator: data stream (square wave) with ON/OFF period variation.
• Onboard carrier generator: synchronized sine wave to transmitted data stream at 1 MHz, 750MHz, and 500KHz.
• Carrier modulation: ASK carrier demodulation: ASK (by using rectifier diode).
• Test points: 19
• Inter connections: 4mm sockets:
• Power : 230V+/- 10%, 50Hz
• Dimenssion (mm): W330, H80, D200.
• Weight: 2 Kg
• Accessories included: manual, patch cords.

• Study of 4 Channel Analog Multiplexing and Demultiplexing Techniques.
• Study of the effect of sampling frequency variation on the output.
• Study of input signal amplitude on the output.

• Crystal Frequency: 4.096 MHz.
• Analog Input Channels: 4
• Multiplexing: Time Division Multiplexing.
• Modulation: Pulse Amplitude Modulation.
• On board Analog Signal: 250Hz, 500Hz, 1Khz, 2Khz Synchronized sine waves with Variable amplitudes.
• Sampling Rate: 16 KHz/Channel
• Sampling Pulse: With Duty cycle Variable from 0 to 50% 8.    Butter worth Low pass filter cut-off Frequency: 3.4KHz.
• Inter connections: 4mm sockets. 
• Power: 230V +/-10%, 50 Hz. 

• User manual -1,
• Patch Chord Set -1,
• 3 Pin Power chord.

• On board Multiplexing & Demultiplexing circuits.
• Crystal controlled clock.
• On –board Sine Generator (synchronized).
• On –board Pulse Generator.
• 4 Analog input channels samples and Time Division Multiplexed.
• Pulse Duty cycle Selectable.
• 4 Channel Demultiplexing.
• On board 4th order Butter worth low pass filters.
• Built in DC power supply.

Objective:

• To study Differential Pulse Code Modulation and Demodulation by sending fixed 1 KHz sine and variable frequency Sine and Square waves.

Technical specifications:

• Clock generation using 2mhz crystal.
• Low pass filter: butter worth 4^th order filter cut-off frequency 3. 4khz
• On board modulating signal generator: 1 khz sine with 2v_p-pand sine and square with variable frequency 20 hz to 1khz.
• inter connections: 4mm sockets.
• Power: 230v ±10%, 50hz.

Accessories:

• User Manual -1,
• Patch Chord Set -1,
• 3 pin Power Chord -1

Clock Generator: Clock frequency is generated is 250 KHz.

Data Generator: 8 bit variable NRZ-L pattern generated depending on the position of the 8 Data Switch provided.

Data Format: NRZ-L Coder data format Dibit Pair (I &Q)

Sine Wave Generator: Provides synchronized Sine waveform output of

1.     250KHz (0 deg.) 2. 375 KHz (0 deg.) 3.250 KHz (180 deg.)4.375 KHz (180 deg.)

Carrier Modulator : MSK Modulation (For plane data),

MSK Demodulator: Sine to Square converter .It converts sinusoidal adder output to pulse output.

Phase Detector circuit circuit: It detect phase of demodulated output and generate I & Q bit.

Recovery Block : It recovers actual data from recovered I & Q

Fault Switch: It consist of 8 switches from which we can study the effect of various errors in modulation & Demodulation.

Features: 

• The System illustrates the use of the following data formats.                                   1) Non Return to Zero-Level(NRZ-L)  2) Dibit encoded data
• On board data Simlator, this generates the NRZ-L Pattern depending on the position of switches of 8-bit DIP switch and the reference block (250 KHz), which enable the trainers to work in standalone mode.
• Two Carrier Modulation options are available on the kit Minimum Shift Keying (MSK).
• On board carrier generator circuit that generates sine waves synchronized to the trasmitted data. The four carier sine waves generated onboard are of frequencies.    1) 250 KHz (0 deg.) 2) 250 KHz (180 deg.) 3) 375 KHz (0 deg.)
• 4) 375 KHz (270 deg.)
• 8 Switches faults provided onboard to study different effects on circuit.
• All necessary test points provided for observations. Observations are carried out on an oscilloscope.
• Bare board Tested Glass Epoxy PCB is used.
• The whole assembly mounted in Horizontal wooden box.
• Set to 4 mm Patch cords for interconnections.
• User's Manual with sample experimental waveform is provided.                                                                                                                                                  List of Experiments:

1. To study dibit pair coding techniques for Non-Return to Zero data format.
2. To study the constellation diagram of MSK data format (I & Q DATA)
3. Study of Bandwidth efficiency in Minimum Shift keying techques.
4. Study of carrier modulation Techniques by Minimum shift keying method.

PULSE CODE MODULATION & DEMODULATION:-

          The PCM is the simplest, low-complexity speech coding technique. In the PCM, the source speech signal is sampled at 8000 samples per second, and the dynamic range of the speech is quantized into 256 quantization levels so that each sample is approximated by one of these 256 quantized levels. Therefore, in the PCM, 8 bits are required to code each sample.

List of Experiments:
1)To study QPSK Modulator and Demodulator  
Accessories:

User Manual -1,
Patch Chord Set -1,
3 Pin Power Chord -1.

 SPECIFICATION

QPSK MODULATION & DEMODULATION 

• Clock Generator

- Synchronous clock generator using IC 555

- Frequency of square wave is 200 KHz.

• Carrier Generator

- Provides Four quadri-phase carrier output generated

using IC 7490. 100KHz (0°), 100KHz (90°), 100KHz

(180°), 100KHz (270°)

• Data Generator

- Synchronous data generator using IC 74165

- Switch selectable simulated data stream

- Data stream generated at approx.1Kb/s rate

• On-board Block features

- QPSK -Modulator circuit

- QPSK -Demodulator

- Block Description Screen printed on glassy epoxy PCB

- All interconnections are made using 2mm banana Patch cords.

• Test points are provided to analyze signals at various points.

• All ICs are mounted on IC Sockets.

• Bare board Tested Glass Epoxy SMOBC PCB is used.

• In-Built Power Supply of ±12V/250mA with Power ON

indication

• Attractive Wooden enclosures of Light weight Australian Pine

Wood.

• Set of 2mm Patch cords for interconnections

• User’s Manual with sample experimental programs

List of Experiments:

• To generate FSK Modulation.
• To Demodulate the FSK Signals 
• To generate NRZ(L), RZ, NRZ(M), Biphase(Mark), Biphase(Manchester).

Accessories:

• User Manual -1,
• Patch chord set-1,
• 3 pin Power Chord -1

We have been included amongst the quality of assurance in servicing & sales of
Frequency Shift Keying. Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is the frequency modulation system in which digital information is transmitted through the discrete frequency change of a carrier wave.

• To study the sampling theorem and its reconstruction.
• To study the effect of amplitude and frequency variation of modulating signal on the output.
• To study the effect of variation of sampling frequency on the demodulated output.

• User Manual- 1,
• Patch Chord Set -1,
• 3 Pin Power Chord -1.

• On board sampling & reconsrtuction circuits
• crystal controlled pulse generator
• demonstrate sampling and reconstruction as per Nyquist criterion
• on board modulating signal generator(synchronized)
• 2 selectable modulating signal 2 selectable
• 2 selectable sampling frequencies.
• sampling pulse duty cycle variation
• seperate sample,sample & hold outputs
• on board 2nd &4th order butter worth low pass filter & amplifier.
• built in DC power supply.

• Crystal frequency 4.096MHz
• on board pulse generator:16KHz ,32KHz (switch selectable)
• on board modulating signal generator: synchronized(1KHz ,2KHz)sine waves (switch selectable) & variable amplitude (10Vpp)
• Duty cycle:10% to 50%(variable by pot)
• Low pass filters:Butter worth 2nd & 4th order filter cut-off frequency 3.4KHz
• Inter connection:4mm sockets
• Power 230V±10%,50Hz
• Accessories included:mannual, patch cords

Objective:

• QAM Modulatioin.
• QAM De Modulation.

Accessories :

• User Manual -1,
• Patch Chord Set -1,
• 3 PIN power Chord -1,