A greenhouse (also called a glasshouse, or, if with sufficient heating, a hothouse) is a structure with walls and roof made chiefly of transparent material, such as glass, in which plants requiring regulated climatic conditions are grown.[3]These structures range in size from small sheds to industrial-sized buildings. A miniature greenhouse is known as a cold frame. The interior of a greenhouse exposed to sunlight becomes significantly warmer than the external ambient temperature, protecting its contents in cold weather. Many commercial glass greenhouses or hothouses are high tech production facilities for vegetables or flowers. The glass greenhouses are filled with equipment including screening installations, heating, cooling, lighting, and may be controlled by a computer to optimize conditions for plant growth. Since World War II, there's been a huge increase in the commercial use of greenhouses to feed the world's population. In temperate climates, greenhouses extend the growing season and protect plants from harsh weather conditions. In higher latitudes, greenhouses increase plant production by optimizing the available light. Even in hot, arid regions, specialized greenhouses have been developed that can help lower temperatures and manage water loss in plants due to transpiration. Cultivating attractive and hardy plants for commercial nurseries and florists is a thriving industry that relies on greenhouses to create perfect, pest free plants. In many areas, controlling the environment inside a greenhouse is easier and more reliable than trying to manipulate all the variables of growing delicate plants outdoors.

The farming land availability on our planet is a constant. But food need is an ever growing problem. This has forced human kind to almost double the density of planting. But the soil has limitations and and the increase in planting density had to be sustained by application of fertilizers. Along with human population increase insects and micro organisms too multiplied forcing use of pesticides and the like. This has made our food highly toxic. Clean food with mass productivity is the need of the hour.

Agriculture generally in developing countries is labour intensive and relatively less productive. Industrialization is making manpower availability a premium. While this hinders productivity, ever increasing food needs also makes precision agriculture the need of the hour. Advances in sensor technology, communication infrastructure and commonness of computers

About soil less growth of plants Hydroponics/Aeroponics vegetables are grown suspended in a liquid solution containing elements that plant needs to thrive. There have been rumors that Hydroponically/Aeroponically grown fruits and vegetables have a buildup of harmful chemical they absorb from the solution. These rumors are completely untrue. Firstly, plant needs 17 elements to grow, three of which (carbon, hydrogen and oxygen) are obtained from air and water. The other three (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) are the major fertilizer elements commonly known in any system of plant growing. The rest are the elements that plant gets from soil namely calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, zinc, copper, boron, manganese, nickel, molybdenum and chlorine. In Hydroponic/Aeroponic, there is no soil to supply these elements found in soil so they have to be added into the growing solution. This makes it look like we add a wide varieties of chemicals into the solution. Actually we add these elements to make our solution comparable to a solution from fertile soil, nothing more and nothing less. All the elements added to the growing solution are essential elements of human as seen in the label of standard vitamin-mineral supplement tablets, Centrum for example. Hydroponics/Aeroponics is just a different way of providing what a perfect soil would provide namely air, water, support and nutritional. Hydroponics/Aeroponics actually grows vegetables with higher nutrients value because of the optimum growing conditions. Nutrition In general, nutritional value of Hydroponically/Aeroponically grown vegetable is slightly better to much better than that of conventionally grown produce. The ability to precisely control the levels of minerals in water when using Hydroponics/Aeroponics makes grower able to maintain a consistent level of minerals within the plant, unlike farmers of soil grown vegetables who may have to fertilize heavily to make up for poor soil quality. Safety There is a common misconception that plants soak up whatever compounds in the water around them in sponge like fashion and retain those compounds for the rest of their life. This is a false idea of how plants work. The truth is plants process the same nutrients the same way regardless of where they came from, soil or solution. In this issue, there is no difference among Hydroponic vegetables, Aeroponic vegetables, Conventionally grown vegetables and organic vegetables, organic does not equal to chemical free nor the safest option. All plants need the 17 elements to carry on their biochemical reactions in order to synthesize various compounds of their tissues.There is no such thing as chemical free vegetable. Another common misconception is the accumulation of nitrate in Hydroponic/Aeroponic lettuce. Nitrate accumulation in lettuce is due to the physiology of the lettuce not Hydroponics/Aeroponics. It was found that winter (real winter in Europe not our tropical cool season) growing and low light conditions (both cloudy and short daylength) plus high concentration of nitrate from using high fertilizer concentration (EC 2.6) commonly used in Europe resulted in higher nitrate concentration in lettuce. In Southeast Asia the temperature is high, sunlight is intense and daylength is always uselong, there is no need for supplement lighting for reducing nitrate. On top of that we always use lower fertilizer concentration, EC about 1.7 and decreasing gradually to about 1.2. The nitrate concentration is decreased proportionally. Finishing at EC 1.2 not only reduce nitrate in lettuce but also improve texture and taste of the hydroponic/aeroponic lettuce. Another advantage of hydroponics/aeroponics is the reduction of health risk associated with the bacterial contamination of fresh produce by bacteria in manure commonly found in organic gardening since no manure is used in hydroponics/aeroponics.