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Analytical Service Frequency | As per the requirement |
Preferred Audit Location | On-Site Testing |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Service offered | Manual and ETAP |
VOLTAGE DROP STUDY AND ANALYSIS
In an electric circuit the existing energy of a voltage supply decreases as electric current travels through the components that does not supply voltage i.e. passive elements of an electrical circuit. This is called Voltage Drop. Each point in a circuit can be assigned a voltage thats proportional to its electrical elevation, so to speak. Voltage drop is simply the arithmetical difference between a higher voltage and a lower one. The National Electrical Code states that a voltage drop of 5% at the furthest receptacle in a branch wiring circuit is acceptable for normal efficiency
HOW IS VOLTAGE DROP STUDY AND ANALYSIS DONE
There are two methods by which voltage drop study and analysis can be done:
Exports To: Nepal
Analytical Service Frequency | As per the requirement |
Preferred Audit Location | On-Site Testing |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Service offered | Manual and ETAP |
VOLTAGE DROP STUDY AND ANALYSIS
In an electric circuit the existing energy of a voltage supply decreases as electric current travels through the components that does not supply voltage i.e. passive elements of an electrical circuit. This is called Voltage Drop. Each point in a circuit can be assigned a voltage thats proportional to its electrical elevation, so to speak. Voltage drop is simply the arithmetical difference between a higher voltage and a lower one. The National Electrical Code states that a voltage drop of 5% at the furthest receptacle in a branch wiring circuit is acceptable for normal efficiency
There are two methods by which voltage drop study and analysis can be done:
Voltage drop of the circuit conductors is calculated by multiplying the complete resistance of the circuit conductors by the current through the circuit:
VD = I x R
I = Load in amperes
R = Resistance of the conductor
This method cannot be used for 3 phase circuits.
VOLTAGE DROP USING THE FORMULA METHODThe voltage drop of circuit with already installed conductors can be calculated by:
VD = 2 * K * Q * I * D/CM - Single Phase
VD = 1.732 * K * Q * I * D/CM - Three Phase
VD = Volts Dropped
K = Direct Current Constant
Q = Alternating Current Adjustment Factor
I = Amperes
D = Distance
CM = Circular-Mils
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We can approximate the voltage drop along a circuit as:
Vdrop= |Vs| - |Vr| ~ IR·R + IX·X
Where, Vdrop= voltage drop along the feeder
R= line resistance
X= line reactance
IR= line current due to real power flow (in phase with the voltage)
IX= line current due to reactive power flow (90 degree out of phase with the voltage)
The biggest fault happens under leading power factor and heavy current. The approximation has an error less than 1% for an angle between the sending and receiving end voltages.
This estimation brings two crucial factors about voltage drop into the light:
Resistive load: At large power factors, the voltage drop is related directly to the resistance of the conductors. The resistance plays a crucial role, even though the resistance is generally less than the reactance.
Reactive load: At medium or small power factors, the voltage drop relates mostly to the reactance of the conductors. Because the reactance is usually larger than the resistance, the reactive load causes most of the voltage drop. Poor power factor significantly increases voltage drop.
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