Weaving is the oldest method of making yarn into fabric. While modern
methods are more complex and much faster, the basic principle of
interlacing yarns remains unchanged.
On the loom, lengthwise yarns called the warp form the
skeleton of the fabric. They usually require a higher degree of twist
than the filling yarns that are interlaced widthwise.
Traditionally, cloth was woven by a wooden shuttle that
moved horizontally back and forth across the loom, interlacing the
filling yarn with the horizontally, lengthwise warp yarn. Modern mills
use high-speed shuttleless weaving machines that perform at incredible
rates and produce an endless variety of fabrics. Some carry the filling
yarns across the loom at rates in excess of 2,000 meters per minute.
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